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·ⅯⅯⅩⅩⅣ·Grilli Type Presents·
A Typeface Story
in Three Acts
GT Pantheon
··
Flow and Chisel
··
Micro to Display
··
The Epilogue
A Saga of ModernAntiquity
GT Pantheon is an interpretation of historic shapes in a contemporary manner. At its core is the conception of three optically-adjusted faces, each designed to best represent the same type at different sizes: Display, Text, and Micro. Within this spectrum, the family moves between elegance, sharpness, warmth, and robustness, matching expression with functionality.
The design is manifested in a typographic system of five weights with respective italics in each of its three optically adjusted families, resulting in a total of 30 styles. In addition to this carefully curated family, the variable fonts offer axes for weight and optical adjustment that enable size-specific typesetting.
Micro
Text
Display
Light
Regular
Medium
Bold
Black
·I·
Flow & Chisel
or, the
Design Details
of GT Pantheon
Upon a visit to the Pantheon in Rome, Tobias began working on a new typeface that would take inspiration from architectural structures and letterform inscriptions. Noël joined him to devise a larger system, a collaboration that allowed them to explore the alliance of historic shapes with an overall contemporary feel.
Scene One
Sculpted Elegance
The expression of this family is informed by different elements large and small, and by the manner in which they are brought together: stroke transitions, serif shapes, sharp and crisp stroke details.
Chiseled Shapes
GT Pantheon Display is an elegant high-contrast face, emphasized by an overall sharp appearance. In the transitions from thin to thick strokes and from bows into stems, it is reminiscent of letterforms chiseled in stone.
Sculpting Architecture
The typeface takes inspiration from architectural structures, some of which can be described as ‘brutalist’ features, particularly visible in the contrast between left- and right-leaning diagonal strokes. This extravagant side is affirmed by wedge-shaped pointed serifs that guide the eye while reading like a colonnade of columns.
Crisp Appearance
The entire family represents a truly digital design anatomy informed by vectors, inevitably sharp and crisp, almost unimpressed by the ink that makes some historic letterforms seem soft by comparison.
DOME Pictum
MARTIUS (1732) Divide & Impera Per ardua @ astra FAC SIMILE?
Architectura (ratio perfecta,symmetriae, eurythmiae);ordo autem — est CommodusMembrorum Operis in suo genere dispositio et modumhabens membrorum exUNIUSCUIUSQUE operis…
Fig. 1. Weight Axis of GT Pantheon
Current Weight:
Scene Two
Flowing Rhythm
The foundation of GT Pantheon lies in its contemporary interpretation of historic references, most importantly by employing a present-day approach to strokes of calligraphic quality. Tobias and Noël executed the stroke of a broad-nib pen in a modulated, nuanced manner.
Stroke Flow
The stroke flow of GT Pantheon mimics rapid changes of direction made with a broad-nib pen. The lowercase g is examplary of this movement as the horizontal stroke of the bottom bowl becomes sharp and pointy at the change of direction. The same principle also affirms the horizontal movement of the question mark, changing the stress axis to a reversed contrast.
Expressive Italics
The italic styles are independent companions, underlined by selected characters that undergo a noticeable shape shift. As carefully crafted strokes they remain neither silent nor obtrusive. More so than in the upright weights, these strokes are modulated in simple gestures — exhibited here in the case of lowercase p.
Calligraphic Numerals
True to their separate development from the Latin alphabet, the figures have taken their own path. Their stroke modulation is best characterized as calligraphic, a broad-nib quality that slightly fades from Display to Micro.
·II·
Micro & Text & Display
or, the
Optical Sizes
of GT Pantheon
At the core of GT Pantheon is the conception of three archetypes, essentially three faces of the same type. Equipped with different expressions, each archetype is designed to best represent that same type in a recommended range of sizes: Display, Text, and Micro. Display tolerates tight fitting and high stroke contrast. On the other hand, Micro requires much less contrast, but calls for enlarged apertures and more generous spacing overall — Text, meanwhile, is the result of negotiation between the two.
Optical Size · Pixel Size
a
Optical Size · Pixel Size
Display tolerates tight fitting and high stroke contrast. On the other hand, Micro requires much less contrast, but calls for enlarged apertures and more generous spacing overall — Text, meanwhile, is the result of negotiation between the two.
Scene One
To Be Clear
In a lesson of optical sizing learned from the past, letterforms used in small sizes require less height difference between upper- and lowercase and therefore maintain a strong presence by means of an enlarged x-height — an increase in size that also allows counter forms to grow within each character.
Apertures & Counters
The x-heights of both optical sizes are aligned here for better comparison, but in real life it is lower in Display and taller in Micro styles. Smaller counters and closed apertures in Display emphasize the letterforms’ elegant proportions. On the other hand, larger counters in Micro lend lines of text more balance, while open apertures avoid collision of characters and improve legibility in smaller sizes.
Finish
In transition from GT Pantheon Display to Micro, the wedge-shaped pointed serifs become slightly flatter and thicker to withstand the challenges of ink and pixels at small sizes. In a fascinating detail, the dot on the lowercase i shape-shifts from diamond to octagon and from there to square as it decreases in optical size.
Contrast
High stroke contrast in Display underlines its overall anatomy and allows a certain focus to rest with individual characters. A reduction of this contrast in Micro is necessary as it prevents shapes from ‘breaking’ and shifts the attention to words, because we tend not to look at single letters when reading text at small sizes.
ORDO Restat
Quid Pro Quos DOCTRINA Ⅶ «res, non verba» [EI] ID VIDENT
Pantheum [Latinitate mediiaevi etiam Pantheon] —est clarissimum aedificium.Ab Agrippa consule anno 27 a.C.n. aedificatum, deindeincendio (anno 80) consumptumpost saeculum Ⅺ Aedificium.
Fig. 2. Optical Size Axis of GT Pantheon
Current Optical Size:
Scene Two
I Read Therefore I Am
Positive shapes are usually emphasized in the evaluation of typefaces; however, the negative space between them is equally crucial. Their angles and widths, the laws of anatomy that define them — each of these aspects are united to form the ensemble of GT Pantheon.
Spacing
Wider spacing generally improves the readability of texts and should gradually be increased at smaller type sizes. The Display family’s rather tight spacing creates an impactful presence while Micro’s increased spacing is lending comfort for reading.
Italic Angle
The italic angle has been considered from Display to Micro as an aspect of optical size adjustment: inclination increases with each range of sizes. In Display this results in an explicit slant for vibrance and emphasis, in Micro a rather subtle slant exudes uniformity and improves legibility.
Horizontal Focus
Lively and expressive diagonal strokes in the upper character half in GT Pantheon Display are re-enforced and consistently flattened in Micro, emphasizing their horizontal alignment of lines of type, a design decision that steadies the eye while reading small sizes.
·III·
The Epilogue
or, the
Family Affairs
of GT Pantheon
Although the story of GT Pantheon begins in Rome, it is not possible to pinpoint one influence of the many design ideas that Tobias and Noël have explored. Their collaborative process reveals an abundance of considerations for size, weight, shape, slant, and much more. Many of their size-related design decisions would have been forever manifested in a respective size during the metal type era. Through expertly crafted digital outlines they remain recommendations in the environment of numerical description — perhaps their intentions will be entirely re-interpreted.
BCRoma
Oculus Sinister
② clerico intra
Sacros Ordines
Constituto Non
Eligendo Officium
Fig. 3. Optical & Weight Axes of GT Pantheon
Optical Size:   •  Weight: 
Basic
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
y
z
Extended
Á
Ă
Â
Ä
Æ
Ǽ
À
Ā
Ą
Å
Ã
Ć
Č
Ç
Ĉ
Ċ
Ď
Đ
É
Ĕ
Ě
Ê
Ë
Ė
È
Ē
Ę
Ð
Ğ
Ĝ
Ģ
Ġ
Ħ
Ĥ
Í
Ĭ
Î
Ï
İ
Ì
IJ
Ī
Į
Ĩ
Ĵ
Ķ
Ĺ
Ľ
Ļ
Ŀ
Ł
Ń
Ň
Ņ
Ñ
Ŋ
Ó
Ŏ
Ô
Ö
Œ
Ò
Ő
Ō
Ø
Ǿ
Õ
Ŕ
Ř
Ŗ
Ś
Š
Ş
Ŝ
Ș
Ŧ
Ť
Ţ
Ț
Þ
Ú
Ŭ
Û
Ü
Ù
Ű
Ū
Ų
Ů
Ũ
Ŵ
Ý
Ŷ
Ÿ
Ź
Ž
Ż
á
ă
â
ä
æ
ǽ
à
ā
ą
å
ã
ć
č
ç
ĉ
ċ
ď
đ
é
ĕ
ě
ê
ë
ė
è
ē
ę
ğ
ĝ
ģ
ġ
ħ
ĥ
í
ĭ
î
ï
ı
ì
ij
ī
į
ĩ
ĵ
ȷ
ķ
ĺ
ľ
ļ
ŀ
ł
ń
ň
ņ
ñ
ŋ
ó
ŏ
ô
ö
œ
ò
ő
ō
ø
ǿ
õ
ŕ
ř
ŗ
ś
š
ş
ŝ
ș
ŧ
ť
ţ
ț
þ
ú
ŭ
û
ü
ù
ű
ū
ų
ů
ũ
ŵ
ý
ŷ
ÿ
ź
ž
ż
ß
ð
Small Caps
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
y
z
Á
Ă
Â
Ä
Æ
Ǽ
À
Ā
Ą
Å
Ã
Ć
Č
Ç
Ĉ
Ċ
Ď
Đ
É
Ĕ
Ě
Ê
Ë
Ė
È
Ē
Ę
Ð
Ğ
Ĝ
Ģ
Ġ
Ħ
Ĥ
Í
Ĭ
Î
Ï
İ
Ì
IJ
Ī
Į
Ĩ
Ĵ
Ķ
Ĺ
Ľ
Ļ
Ŀ
Ł
Ń
Ň
Ņ
Ñ
Ŋ
Ó
Ŏ
Ô
Ö
Œ
Ò
Ő
Ō
Ø
Ǿ
Õ
Ŕ
Ř
Ŗ
Ś
Š
Ş
Ŝ
Ș
Ŧ
Ť
Ţ
Ț
Þ
Ú
Ŭ
Û
Ü
Ù
Ű
Ū
Ų
Ů
Ũ
Ŵ
Ý
Ŷ
Ÿ
Ź
Ž
Ż
Ligatures
ff
fb
ffb
fh
ffh
fi
ffi
fj
ffj
fk
ffk
fl
ffl
ch
ck
cl
ct
sh
sk
sl
sp
st
Numerals and Currencies
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
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0
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9
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
L
D
M
$
¢
£
¥
Punctuation and Arrows
.
,
:
;
-
!
¡
?
¿
«
»
/
|
¦
\
·
(
)
[
]
{
}
§
*
~
^
_
'
"
&
@
©
®
%
#
+
±
×
÷
=
<
>
°
ª
º
Typeface design by
Tobias Rechsteiner
&
Noël Leu
Typeface production by Grilli Type with  Antonio D’Elisiis
Website and animations designed by
Grilli Type
Website developed by
Grilli Type
Moving images animated by
Grilli Type
Typeface story written by
Exeunt omnes.
Finis.